JavaScript 比较两个文本文件差异, How to diff HTML (compare and highlight differences) and generate output in HTML with JavaScript

 

您的用户想知道他过去写的内容的区别,是希望它在浏览器中突出显示,但他写的是HTML格式?甚至不要考虑遍历DOM的每个元素,检索文本并将其与其他节点进行比较,因为这可能无法按预期工作,并且需要花费大量时间来实现它。如果您正在考虑使用快速解决方案并且允许使用第三方脚本,则可能需要使用htmldiff脚本。您可以使用此功能的最有用的情况是,您希望为用户实现差异视图,但内容采用HTML格式,例如,当内容已使用WYSIWYG编辑器存储时。

在本文中,我们将向您展示如何轻松地在Web项目中实现htmldiff。

 

1.获取htmldiff.js的副本

Htmldiff.js是一个非常棒的diff脚本,它理解HTML并用CoffeScript编写。库本身是用Ruby编写的原始脚本的一个端口。您可以使用我们从CoffeScript编译的以下代码来获取htmldiff.js的副本:

/**
 * htmldiff.js a diff algorithm that understands HTML, and produces HTML in the browser.
 * 
 * @author https://github.com/tnwinc
 * @see https://github.com/tnwinc/htmldiff.js
 */
!function(){var e,n,t,r,i,f,_,a,o,s,u,h,l,c,d,b,p;o=function(e){return">"===e},s=function(e){return"<"===e},h=function(e){return/^\s+$/.test(e)},u=function(e){return/^\s*<[^>]+>\s*$/.test(e)},l=function(e){return!u(e)},e=function(){return function(e,n,t){this.start_in_before=e,this.start_in_after=n,this.length=t,this.end_in_before=this.start_in_before+this.length-1,this.end_in_after=this.start_in_after+this.length-1}}(),a=function(e){var n,t,r,i,f,_;for(f="char",t="",_=[],r=0,i=e.length;r<i;r++)switch(n=e[r],f){case"tag":o(n)?(t+=">",_.push(t),t="",f=h(n)?"whitespace":"char"):t+=n;break;case"char":s(n)?(t&&_.push(t),t="<",f="tag"):/\s/.test(n)?(t&&_.push(t),t=n,f="whitespace"):/[\w\#@]+/i.test(n)?t+=n:(t&&_.push(t),t=n);break;case"whitespace":s(n)?(t&&_.push(t),t="<",f="tag"):h(n)?t+=n:(t&&_.push(t),t=n,f="char");break;default:throw new Error("Unknown mode "+f)}return t&&_.push(t),_},f=function(n,t,r,i,f,_,a){var o,s,u,h,l,c,d,b,p,g,w,v,k,m,y;for(s=i,o=_,u=0,w={},c=h=m=i,y=f;m<=y?h<y:h>y;c=m<=y?++h:--h){for(k={},d=0,b=(p=r[n]).length;d<b;d++)if(!((l=p[d])<_)){if(l>=a)break;null==w[l-1]&&(w[l-1]=0),v=w[l-1]+1,k[l]=v,v>u&&(s=c-v+1,o=l-v+1,u=v)}w=k}return 0!==u&&(g=new e(s,o,u)),g},d=function(e,n,t,r,i,_,a,o){var s;return null!=(s=f(e,0,t,r,i,_,a))&&(r<s.start_in_before&&_<s.start_in_after&&d(e,n,t,r,s.start_in_before,_,s.start_in_after,o),o.push(s),s.end_in_before<=i&&s.end_in_after<=a&&d(e,n,t,s.end_in_before+1,i,s.end_in_after+1,a,o)),o},r=function(e){var n,t,r,i,f,_;if(null==e.find_these)throw new Error("params must have find_these key");if(null==e.in_these)throw new Error("params must have in_these key");for(r={},n=0,i=(f=e.find_these).length;n<i;n++)for(r[_=f[n]]=[],t=e.in_these.indexOf(_);-1!==t;)r[_].push(t),t=e.in_these.indexOf(_,t+1);return r},_=function(e,n){var t,i;return i=[],t=r({find_these:e,in_these:n}),d(e,n,t,0,e.length,0,n.length,i)},n=function(n,t){var r,i,f,a,o,s,u,h,l,c,d,b,p,g,w,v;if(null==n)throw new Error("before_tokens?");if(null==t)throw new Error("after_tokens?");for(w=g=0,p=[],r={"false,false":"replace","true,false":"insert","false,true":"delete","true,true":"none"},(d=_(n,t)).push(new e(n.length,t.length,0)),a=f=0,h=d.length;f<h;a=++f)"none"!==(i=r[[w===(c=d[a]).start_in_before,g===c.start_in_after].toString()])&&p.push({action:i,start_in_before:w,end_in_before:"insert"!==i?c.start_in_before-1:void 0,start_in_after:g,end_in_after:"delete"!==i?c.start_in_after-1:void 0}),0!==c.length&&p.push({action:"equal",start_in_before:c.start_in_before,end_in_before:c.end_in_before,start_in_after:c.start_in_after,end_in_after:c.end_in_after}),w=c.end_in_before+1,g=c.end_in_after+1;for(v=[],u={action:"none"},o=function(e){return"equal"===e.action&&(e.end_in_before-e.start_in_before==0&&/^\s$/.test(n.slice(e.start_in_before,+e.end_in_before+1||9e9)))},s=0,l=p.length;s<l;s++)o(b=p[s])&&"replace"===u.action||"replace"===b.action&&"replace"===u.action?(u.end_in_before=b.end_in_before,u.end_in_after=b.end_in_after):(v.push(b),u=b);return v},t=function(e,n,t){var r,i,f,_,a,o;for(_=void 0,f=i=0,a=(n=n.slice(e,+n.length+1||9e9)).length;i<a&&(o=n[f],!0===(r=t(o))&&(_=f),!1!==r);f=++i);return null!=_?n.slice(0,+_+1||9e9):[]},p=function(e,n){var r,i,f,_,a;for(_="",f=0,r=n.length;;){if(f>=r)break;if(i=t(f,n,l),f+=i.length,0!==i.length&&(_+="<"+e+">"+i.join("")+"</"+e+">"),f>=r)break;f+=(a=t(f,n,u)).length,_+=a.join("")}return _},(c={equal:function(e,n,t){return n.slice(e.start_in_before,+e.end_in_before+1||9e9).join("")},insert:function(e,n,t){var r;return r=t.slice(e.start_in_after,+e.end_in_after+1||9e9),p("ins",r)},delete:function(e,n,t){var r;return r=n.slice(e.start_in_before,+e.end_in_before+1||9e9),p("del",r)}}).replace=function(e,n,t){return c.delete(e,n,t)+c.insert(e,n,t)},b=function(e,n,t){var r,i,f,_;for(_="",r=0,i=t.length;r<i;r++)f=t[r],_+=c[f.action](f,e,n);return _},(i=function(e,t){var r;return e===t?e:(e=a(e),t=a(t),r=n(e,t),b(e,t,r))}).html_to_tokens=a,i.find_matching_blocks=_,_.find_match=f,_.create_index=r,i.calculate_operations=n,i.render_operations=b,"function"==typeof define?define([],function(){return i}):"undefined"!=typeof module&&null!==module?module.exports=i:"undefined"!=typeof window&&(window.htmldiff=i)}();

 

注意

您可以使用js2.coffee等在线转换器构建自己的js文件,只需粘贴原始的CoffeScript代码就可以了。

该脚本是多模块感知的,这意味着它应该作为Node.js模块或AMD(RequireJS)模块,或者甚至作为脚本标签(窗口)。有关此脚本的更多信息,请访问Github上的官方存储库

 

2.使用脚本

在这个例子中,使用单个脚本标记以旧方式在浏览器中使用它

<script src="htmldiff.js"></script>

 

脚本不能简单,使用它只需要使用需要2个参数的htmldiff函数,HTML的旧版本作为第一个参数,以及要比较的版本作为第二个参数。该函数是同步的,因此它立即返回diff输出。例如,给出以下代码段:

let originalHTML = `
    <p>Hello Mr. Wayne, decide what to do:</p>
    <ul>
        <li>Call Alfred</li>
        <li>Take Thalia Al Gul to the cinema</li>
        <li>Save Gotham</li>
    </ul>
    <span>Use the mouse to choose an option.</span>
`;

let newHTML = `
<p>Hello Batman, decide what to do:</p>
<ul>
    <li>Kill The Joker</li>
    <li>Save Thalia Al Gul</li>
    <li>Save Gotham</li>
</ul>
<span>Use the batarang to choose an option.</span>
`;

// Diff HTML strings
let output = htmldiff(originalHTML, newHTML);

// Show HTML diff output as HTML (crazy right?)!
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = output;

 

并给出了diff标记(insdel标记)的以下CSS规则:

ins {
    text-decoration: none;
    background-color: #d4fcbc;
}

del {
    text-decoration: line-through;
    background-color: #fbb6c2;
    color: #555;
}

 

将显示我们的HTML的输出元素将显示:

JavaScript 比较两个文本文件差异, How to diff HTML (compare and highlight differences) and generate output in HTML with JavaScript
JavaScript 比较两个文本文件差异, How to diff HTML (compare and highlight differences) and generate output in HTML with JavaScript

太棒了吧?正如您所看到的,在不创建复杂代码的情况下比较所需元素中的每个节点,从而比较WYSIWYG编辑器中的内容从未如此简单。感谢htmldiff,您将能够在几分钟内实现这一点!

 

更多参考: PHP 比较两个文本文件差异 A diff implementation for PHP

 

本文: JavaScript 比较两个文本文件差异, How to diff HTML (compare and highlight differences) and generate output in HTML with JavaScript

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